PROJECT REVIEW

The method that I will used regarding on my final year project is used Arduino is act like microcontroller board, GPS coordinate, Android Application Module.

1. MICROCONTROLLER DESIGN  (ARDUINO) 

The basic idea for how this device would function based on my project is about Arduino. Arduino is a tool making computers that can sense and control more of the physical world than your desktop computer. It's an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple microcontroller board, and a development environment for writing software for the board. Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, taking inputs from a variety of switches or sensors, and controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical outputs.

 Arduino projects can be stand-alone, or they can communicate with software running on your computer. In this project, I used the GPS/GPRS/GSM Module V3.0. The design of this shield allows us to drine the GSM and GPS function directly with the computer and the Arduino Board. It includes a high-gain SMD antenna for GPS and GSM. Featuring an industry-standard interface and GPS function, the combination of both technologies allows goods, vehicles and people to be tracked seamlessly at any location and anytime with signal coverage.

2.GPS COORDINATE

GPS will provide two coordinate like Latitude and Longitude. Both are the angles that are uniquely defined on the sphere. Together the angle comprises the co-ordinate scheme that can locate or identify the geographic position on the planet. Latitude is defined with respect to the equatorial reference, the value becomes positive as it moves towards north and it becomes negative towards south. Longitude is measured with reference to prime meridian and is position towards east and negative towards west. From that, tracking allows the base station to continuously track the vehicle without any interference of the driver of the method of continuously collecting the co-ordinates of moving vehicle that is getting from GPS receiver.  

3.ANDROID APPLICATION MODULE 

As we all know, the possibility of smart phone user is not weird nowadays. As Android phone and Iphone or any smart phone are the most popular phone these day and possibly in near future. Finally the android application is chosen because it is related with Arduino. That is showing the android is open source by using smart phone and widely used for the worldwide. Android is utilized by Samsung as an interface for tablet industry and then the android has developed the Operating System (OS). And now the people mostly used mobile operating system these days. For more information, actually android is not only provide operating system but also provide us middleware and key application. 

 So based on this project, I apply the GPS coordinate to find out the location of car. Whereas, modern commonly use GPS coordinate to find out the location of car.

 

HOW THEY WORK TOGETHER

To precisely locate points on the earth's surface, degrees longitude and latitude have been divided into minutes (') and seconds ("). There are 60 minutes in each degree. Each minute is divided into 60 seconds. Seconds can be further divided into tenths, hundredths, or even thousandths.

 For example, the U.S. Capitol is located at 38°53'23"N , 77°00'27"W (38 degrees, 53 minutes, and 23 seconds north of the equator and 77 degrees, no minutes and 27 seconds west of the meridian passing through Greenwich, England).

 To locate the latitude and longitude of a specific place on earth, see my Locate Places Worldwide collection of resources.

LATITUDE & LONGITUDE COORDINATES

A key geographical question throughout the human experience has been, "Where am I?" In classical Greece and China, attempts were made to create logical grid systems of the world to answer this question. The ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy created a grid system and listed the coordinates for places throughout the known world in his book Geography. But it wasn't until the middle ages that the latitude and longitude system was developed and implemented. This system is written in degrees, using the symbol

Latitude

When looking at a map, latitude lines run horizontally. Latitude lines are also known as parallels since they are parallel and are an equal distant from each other. Each degree of latitude is approximately 69 miles (111 km) apart; there is a variation due to the fact that the earth is not a perfect sphere but an oblate ellipsoid (slightly egg-shaped). To remember latitude, imagine them as the horizontal rungs of a ladder ("ladder-tude"). Degrees latitude are numbered from 0° to 90° north and south. Zero degrees is the equator, the imaginary line which divides our planet into the northern and southern hemispheres. 90° north is the North Pole and 90° south is the South Pole.

Longitude

The vertical longitude lines are also known as meridians. They converge at the poles and are widest at the equator (about 69 miles or 111 km apart). Zero degrees longitude is located at Greenwich, England (0°). The degrees continue 180° east and 180° west where they meet and form the International Date Line in the Pacific Ocean. Greenwich, the site of the British Royal Greenwich Observatory, was established as the site of the prime meridian by an international conference in 1884.

GPS COORDINATES

Most of us never need to use numerical GPS coordinates to take advantage of the many location-based services that are available to us. We simply input an address, or click through from an Internet search, or automatically geotag photos, and our electronic devices take care of the rest. But dedicated outdoors-people, geocachers, pilots, sailors, and more do often need to use and understand numerical GPS coordinates. And some of us technophiles are interested in the workings of the GPS systems just out of curiosity. Here then is your guide to GPS coordinates.

The global GPS system actually doesn't have a coordinates system of its own. It uses "geographic coordinates" systems that already existed before GPS, including: Latitude and Longitude

GPS coordinates are most commonly expressed as latitude and longitude. This system divides the earth into latitude lines, which indicate how far north or south of the equator a location is, and longitude lines, which indicate how far east or west of the prime meridian a location is.

The example of reading the Latitute and Longitude is shown above:

1. In this system, the equator is at 0 degrees latitude, with the poles being at 90 degrees north and south. The prime meridian is at 0 degrees longitude, extending east and west. 
2.  Under this system, an exact location on the earth's surface can be expressed as a set of numbers. The latitude and longitude of the Empire State Building, for example is expressed as N40° 44.9064', W073° 59.0735'. The location may also be expressed in a numbers-only format, per: 40.748440, -73.984559. 
3. With the first number indicating latitude, and the second number representing longitude (the minus sign indicates "west"). Being numeric-only, the second means of notation is the most commonly used for inputting positions into GPS devices.